# IOTA > IOTA is a decentralized blockchain infrastructure built to secure and power real-world digital applications. It provides solutions for digital identity, supply chains, sustainability, and decentralized finance. **Canonical URL:** https://iota.org **Last updated:** 2026-02-27 ## What IOTA Is IOTA is a decentralized Layer 1 blockchain. The primary network is called IOTA Mainnet (also known as IOTA Rebased). It uses the Move programming language and a DAG-based ledger structure for high-throughput, parallel transaction processing. IOTA is developed and maintained by the IOTA Foundation, a non-profit organization. Two supporting entities operate within the ecosystem: the Tangle Ecosystem Association (Switzerland) and the IOTA Ecosystem DLT Foundation (Abu Dhabi). ## Key Technology - **IOTA Mainnet**: Layer 1 network using MoveVM and a DAG data structure - **Move language**: Smart contract language with object-centric model, strong security guarantees - **Delegated Proof-of-Stake**: Consensus mechanism with up to 150 independent validators - **IOTA EVM**: Layer 2 Ethereum-compatible environment for EVM compatibility (not the primary network) ## Why Build on IOTA - Unmatched decentralization and permissionless access - Energy efficiency through BFT consensus without proof-of-work - Rapid transaction processing with parallel execution - Equitable tokenomics with fee burning and staking rewards - Censorship resistance ## Technology Stack The IOTA integration stack includes: - **IOTA Mainnet**: Move-based Layer 1 with object-centric architecture - **Consensus**: Mysticeti BFT protocol with low latency and fast finality - **Trust Framework**: Five open-source products for digital trust (Identity, Hierarchies, Notarization, Tokenization, Gas Station) - **IOTA EVM**: High-performance Layer 2 with EVM compatibility ## Focus Areas - Trade and Supply Chains: seamless transfer of digital trade data across borders - Decentralized Finance: DeFi products building new economies - Product Lifecycle: trust and traceability across a product's entire journey - Digital Identity: a global trust layer for secure verification - Real World Asset Tokenization: merging traditional finance with Web3 ## Real-World Adoption IOTA collaborates with organizations including: Global Alliance, World Economic Forum, European Commission, Tony Blair Institute, TLIP, and many others building on the IOTA Mainnet. Technology showcases include TWIN (trade data), MultiKnip (token-driven impact), European Blockchain PCP, Tokenized KYC, Intellectual Property Rights Management, Digital Product Passports, and Realize. --- # What is IOTA > IOTA's cutting-edge distributed ledger technology enables secure, scalable, and sustainable blockchain solutions for real-world applications. Customers are building the future on IOTA infrastructure. **Canonical URL:** https://iota.org/learn/intro **Last updated:** 2026-02-27 ## Overview IOTA is a next-generation distributed ledger technology. Instead of relying on linear blocks processed at fixed intervals, IOTA uses a unique data structure that enables interaction at any point in time, allowing operations to occur in parallel. This architecture enables higher throughput, lower latency, and more energy-efficient consensus than traditional blockchains. ## Key Features ### Secure, Scalable, and Easy to Use IOTA ensures seamless application interactions, safeguards users from intermediary value extraction, and handles high transaction volumes. The network is designed for both developer usability and end-user experience. ### Multi-VM Architecture IOTA's flexible Virtual Machine architecture facilitates smooth interactions across networks. MoveVM powers the primary Layer 1. IOTA EVM provides Ethereum compatibility on Layer 2. ### Unrestricted Throughput Parallel transaction processing, combined with tokenization and L2 EVM-compatible chains, enables new types of interoperable digital economies. ### Focus on Real-World Assets Asset-centric solutions tailored to real-world needs. The object-centric ledger model supports tokenization of physical and digital assets with native ownership semantics. ## Focus Areas IOTA's technology is applied across key industry verticals: - **Trade and Supply Chains**: seamless transfer of digital trade data across borders - **Decentralized Finance**: innovative DeFi products to build new economies - **Product Lifecycle**: trust and traceability across a product's entire journey - **Digital Identity**: a global trust layer for seamless and secure verification - **Real World Asset Tokenization**: merging traditional finance with Web3 for efficiency ## Building a Better DLT IOTA fundamentally differs from traditional blockchains. Its unique data structure enables: - Parallel transaction execution - High throughput without sacrificing decentralization - Energy-efficient BFT consensus - Object-centric programmability via Move --- # IOTA Consensus > IOTA uses delegated Proof-of-Stake with independent validators to ensure security, reliability, and high-speed transactions. The current mainnet protocol is Mysticeti. **Canonical URL:** https://iota.org/learn/consensus **Last updated:** 2026-02-27 ## Overview IOTA's consensus mechanism ensures security and reliability for applications built on the network. The network uses delegated Proof-of-Stake (dPoS) with independent validators. ## Delegated Proof-of-Stake IOTA uses delegated Proof-of-Stake with independent validators to prevent double-spending and enhance transaction reliability. Token holders can stake their IOTA tokens by delegating to a trusted validator, increasing the commitment to consensus across the network. ### Key Properties - **Low latency**: quick confirmations through efficient consensus progress - **High throughput**: scalable parallel processing - **Fast finality**: quick irreversible confirmation - **Energy efficient**: BFT consensus without proof-of-work compute costs - **Secure and decentralized**: honest-majority validator security model ## Mysticeti: Current Mainnet Protocol Mysticeti is the BFT consensus protocol currently running on IOTA Mainnet. It is optimized for low latency and high throughput, using a DAG structure to enable parallel block production with strong security guarantees. ### Mysticeti Features - **Parallel block proposals**: multiple validators propose simultaneously to maximize bandwidth and improve censorship resistance - **Optimized voting**: parallel certification reduces median and tail latency - **Three-round finality**: blocks finalize in three rounds of communication - **Fault tolerance**: resilient even if some validators are offline or faulty The Mysticeti whitepaper is published at: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.14821 ## Starfish: Next Consensus Protocol (Testnet) Starfish is the next-generation consensus protocol currently on testnet. It keeps IOTA robust under real-world network conditions, designed to be resilient in challenging environments. ## Security Features ### Transaction Authentication Authentication features provide security against unauthorized access to on-chain data. ### Checkpoint Verification Checkpoints ensure accuracy with cryptographic hashes and validator signatures. ### Cryptography in Smart Contracts On-chain cryptography keeps smart contract transactions secure across all execution paths. ## Validator Network The IOTA network supports up to 150 validators. Validators process and execute transactions, securing the network. Token holders delegate stake to validators to participate in consensus and earn staking rewards. --- # Move on IOTA > Move is a blockchain-agnostic smart contract language that delivers major advancements in security and productivity. IOTA takes Move to the next level for real-world asset programmability. **Canonical URL:** https://iota.org/learn/move **Last updated:** 2026-02-27 ## Overview IOTA uses Move as its primary smart contract language. Move is a universal language for smart contract programming, offering first-class abstractions for assets, transfers, and access control. This enables safer and more efficient development. A blockchain-agnostic language that significantly lowers the Web3 learning curve, Move delivers an unmatched developer experience with strong security guarantees. ## Why Move ### Enhanced Security Move offers robust protection against vulnerabilities through its first-class abstractions for assets and access control. Move eliminates five of the OWASP Top 10 vulnerabilities and mitigates three others. Wallet drainer attacks are impossible as assets are protected by the account's private key. Smart contract packages are immutable, ensuring network security. ### High Productivity Move's intuitive design enables higher productivity, facilitating the creation of complex smart contracts with ease. ### Universal Compatibility Move can be implemented across various distributed ledger technologies, providing flexibility and broad applicability. ### Developer Friendly Move flattens the Web3 learning curve, making it easier for developers to write secure and efficient smart contracts quickly. ## Key Features of Move on IOTA ### Object Data Model Smart contracts can reflect real-world scenarios for asset management. Native features enable object types, ownership, transfers, and display, simplifying apps, wallets, and explorers. Each object on IOTA is a unique, owned NFT by default. ### Programmable Transaction Blocks An IOTA transaction can call up to 1,024 Move functions for mass batching or using typed objects as inputs, enhancing gas efficiency and code simplicity. ### Dynamic Fields Dynamic fields enable safe data composability, allowing you to add or remove object fields, link objects, and organize data through intuitive hierarchies. ### Ironclad Security Move is designed with security as a core principle, ensuring robust protection against vulnerabilities. Smart contract packages are immutable by default. ## Move on IOTA vs Other Blockchains IOTA enhances Move with: - Object-centric architecture where every asset is a first-class object - Programmable Transaction Blocks for efficient batch operations - Inherent NFT semantics without separate token standards - Native support for complex asset hierarchies and delegation ## The Smart Contract Revolution Move represents a new standard for safe and reliable smart contracts: - **Inherently Secure**: security as a core design principle - **Naturally Intuitive**: accessible syntax for developers - **Flexible Design**: highly expressive framework for complex contracts ## Getting Started - Docs: https://docs.iota.org/developer/iota-101/move-overview/ - Move language overview: https://docs.iota.org/developer/iota-101/move-overview/ --- # IOTA Trust Framework > The IOTA Trust Framework is an open-source product suite that makes digital trust easy to implement and scale. It provides five interoperable building blocks for identity, data integrity, delegated authority, tokenization, and fee abstraction. **Canonical URL:** https://iota.org/learn/trust-framework **Last updated:** 2026-02-27 ## Overview The IOTA Trust Framework is a set of open-source products developed by the IOTA Foundation to make digital trust usable in real-world systems. Each product addresses a recurring trust requirement observed across years of enterprise, public sector, and ecosystem deployments. The framework is modular by design: each component can be deployed independently or combined with others to form end-to-end trust solutions. All components are anchored to the IOTA Layer 1 blockchain and leverage its performance, scalability, and public verifiability. ## The Business Problem Across industries, organizations face the same trust-related challenges: - Verifying identities in open and cross-organizational environments - Proving that data has not been altered - Digitizing processes that still rely on manual verification - Trading and managing real-world assets digitally - Controlling who is allowed to act, approve, or issue information - Reducing reliance on intermediaries and operational friction Traditional systems handle these needs through centralized authorities, private databases, and fragmented integrations. This approach does not scale across organizational boundaries, introduces single points of failure, and makes verification slow, costly, and opaque. ## Business Trust Challenges Addressed - **Identity Gaps**: verifying people, organizations, and devices in open networks - **Data Risks**: proving information is authentic, untampered, and verifiable - **Access Barriers**: managing who can see or do what is complex and unreliable - **Process Friction**: reducing intermediaries and extra steps like fees that slow adoption ## Five Products, One Framework The IOTA Trust Framework consists of five core building blocks composed of five open-source components that make digital trust tangible, practical, and scalable. ### 1. IOTA Identity Provides decentralized identities for organizations, individuals, and devices. It links off-chain reputation and credentials with on-chain verification, enabling privacy-preserving and interoperable identity flows. Based on W3C DID and Verifiable Credentials standards. ### 2. IOTA Hierarchies Enables structured, verifiable delegation of authority. It mirrors real-world organizational structures by making trust, roles, and permissions explicit, auditable, and revocable. Supports RBAC and multi-level delegation. ### 3. IOTA Notarization Anchors data integrity and timestamps on-chain. It proves that data existed in a specific form at a specific time, without requiring disclosure of the underlying content. Flexible methods for clear-text, encrypted, or hash-only storage. ### 4. IOTA Gas Station Removes transaction fee friction by allowing applications to sponsor gas on behalf of users. This enables Web2-like onboarding and interactions without token management. Fully compatible with MoveVM. ### 5. IOTA Tokenization Turns real-world and digital assets into programmable on-chain objects. Supports full control over ownership, compliance, metadata, and lifecycle management. Powered by Move's object model. ## How It Works The framework maps real-world trust primitives to composable digital building blocks: - **Identity** defines who an entity is - **Hierarchies** define who is trusted to do what - **Notarization** defines what data can be trusted and when - **Tokenization** defines how value and ownership move - **Gas Station** defines how users interact without friction Integration is incremental: start with one product and add more as requirements grow. No costly system overhauls required. ## Why IOTA - **Open Source**: built with transparency, reviewed by peers, improved by the community - **Free**: no licensing or usage fees; scale without rising infrastructure costs - **Neutral**: operated by a non-profit foundation, free from vendor lock-in or bias - **Compliant**: aligned with identity, data, and financial regulations - **Public Infrastructure**: anchored to the decentralized IOTA Mainnet for resilience and verifiability ## Real-World Applications The Trust Framework is used across multiple sectors: - **Digital Identity**: organizational IDs, educational credentials, access management - **Trade and Supply Chain**: secure documentation, customs verification, accreditation (example: TWIN) - **Circular Economy**: Digital Product Passports, carbon tracking, sustainability audits - **Product Tracking and Provenance**: sensor data integrity, digital twins - **Real-World Asset Tokenization**: compliant asset tokens and lifecycle management ## Docs and Contact - Developer documentation: https://docs.iota.org/developer/iota-trust-framework - Partnership inquiries: partnerships@iota.org --- # IOTA Tokenomics > IOTA's sustainable tokenomics model enables a long-term, fair economy with staking, governance, and innovative digital asset utilities anchored in Delegated Proof-of-Stake. **Canonical URL:** https://iota.org/learn/tokenomics **Last updated:** 2026-02-27 ## Overview IOTA tokenomics are designed to create a sustainable, decentralized economy. The model balances inflation through staking rewards with deflation through transaction fee burning. This ensures long-term economic sustainability for the network and its participants. ## Key Economic Components ### IOTA Token The native asset of the IOTA platform, facilitating various network operations and transactions. The IOTA token is used for: - Transaction fees (gas) - Storage deposits for on-chain objects - Staking to validators for consensus participation - Governance participation ### Low Gas Fees Transaction fees boost validator efficiency, prevent DoS attacks, and align incentives. IOTA keeps fees low and predictable by charging for actual resource use, with dynamic computation and storage costs. ### Staking Rewards Delegated Proof-of-Stake rewards honest validators and stakers. Token holders stake IOTA to earn compounding rewards while maintaining self-custody. Tokens can be unstaked at any time to reclaim tokens and rewards. ### Balanced Tokenomics IOTA ensures a sustainable equilibrium by offsetting inflation with deflation: - Validators earn fixed staking rewards per epoch - Transaction fees are burned - The minting rate is up to 767K IOTA per day - Supply growth is linear and capped validator power prevents concentration ### Sponsored Transactions Developers and businesses use IOTA Gas Station to cover their users' fees, enabling seamless user experiences while supporting network sustainability. ## Key Players in the IOTA Economy Three main participants interact in the IOTA economy: - **Users**: submit transactions to create, modify, and transfer digital assets, or interact with dApps enabled by smart contracts - **IOTA Token Holders**: can stake their tokens to validators, participating in the Proof-of-Stake consensus - **Validators**: process and execute transactions on the IOTA platform, ensuring the network's security and efficiency ## Technical Design The IOTA Delegated Proof-of-Stake design: - Aligns network security with user rewards - Uses automatic fee burning to offset inflation - Linear supply growth with capped validator power - Nano-level fee granularity keeps transactions affordable For full technical details, see the IOTA Tokenomics paper at: https://docs.iota.org/about-iota/tokenomics/ ## Liquid Staking IOTA supports liquid staking through stIOTA, the first liquid staking token on IOTA: - Staked assets remain accessible and tradable at all times - No lockups or waiting periods - Instantly stake and unstake - Audited by Hacken for institutional-grade security ## Exchanges and Wallets IOTA tokens are available on major exchanges. The IOTA Wallet supports staking, asset management, and dApp interactions directly. --- # Staking on IOTA > Staking on IOTA secures and decentralizes the network while allowing token holders to earn rewards. Tokens can be staked natively or through liquid staking. **Canonical URL:** https://iota.org/learn/staking **Last updated:** 2026-02-27 ## Overview By staking IOTA tokens, token holders actively support the IOTA network's decentralization and resilience. Staking distributes consensus power and protects against attacks, making the ecosystem stronger. Stakers may also earn rewards for their contribution. ## How Staking Works IOTA uses Delegated Proof-of-Stake. Token holders delegate their stake to a validator of their choice. Validators use the delegated stake when participating in consensus. Honest validators and their delegators earn staking rewards each epoch. ### Steps to Stake 1. Acquire IOTA tokens 2. Open the IOTA Wallet 3. Choose a validator from the validator list 4. Delegate your tokens to the validator 5. Earn rewards each epoch Tokens can be unstaked at any time to reclaim your tokens and accrued rewards. ## Why Stake ### Put Your Tokens to Work Staking IOTA tokens is a way to get rewarded for actively contributing to the network's security and decentralization. ### Support the IOTA Ecosystem Staking contributes directly to the network's security and operational efficiency. ### Receive Staking Rewards The IOTA protocol issues staking rewards as token-based participation incentives. Rewards compound automatically each epoch. ## Strengthen the Network Staking strengthens the network by: - Distributing consensus power across independent validators - Making the network more resilient against attacks - Reducing token concentration risk ## Exploring Validators Multiple tools are available to compare validators: - **IOTA Explorer** (https://explorer.iota.org): search by coin, NFT, package, object, or transaction - **IOTASCAN** (https://iotascan.com): view validator performances and compare commission rates - **Staking Rewards** (https://www.stakingrewards.com/asset/iota): reliable crypto staking information - **IOTA APY Calculator** (https://www.iotastaking.com): estimate potential staking rewards ## Liquid Staking IOTA supports liquid staking through stIOTA: - Stake instantly via a swap-like interface - Receive stIOTA, a tradeable liquid staking token - Remain active in the IOTA ecosystem while earning staking rewards - Unstake instantly with no waiting period - Audited by Hacken for institutional-grade security ## IOTA Wallet The IOTA Wallet is the primary interface for staking. It supports: - Delegating and undelegating stake - Viewing staking rewards - Managing digital assets - Accessing dApps Available as a browser extension and mobile app. --- # IOTA Mainnet > IOTA Mainnet is a fast and powerful Layer 1 network built on a highly efficient, parallelized DAG data structure combined with the Move programming language. **Canonical URL:** https://iota.org/products/mainnet **Last updated:** 2026-02-27 ## Overview The IOTA Mainnet is a Layer 1 blockchain network designed for real-world applications. It combines Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) ledger technology with the Move programming language for innovative real-world asset tokenization and economically sustainable solutions. The Mainnet is replicated across a decentralized network of nodes and allows developers to choose between the inbuilt MoveVM (Layer 1) and the IOTA EVM (Layer 2) according to their needs. ## Where DAG Meets Move The IOTA Mainnet combines two technologies: ### Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) Ledger - Immutable, linked data structure for future-proof record keeping - Enables parallel transaction processing - Higher throughput than linear block-based chains - Energy-efficient consensus without proof-of-work ### Move Programming Language The IOTA Mainnet is powered by Move, providing: - **Inherently Secure**: security as a core design principle, preventing common vulnerabilities - **Naturally Intuitive**: accessible syntax and structure for developers - **Highly Flexible**: expressive framework for complex and sophisticated smart contracts ## A Versatile Ledger The IOTA Mainnet is built for flexibility and interoperability: ### Full Decentralization Delegated Proof of Stake consensus with up to 150 validators securing the network. No single entity controls the network. ### Enhanced Programmability Decentralized applications through smart contracts written in Move. The object-centric model enables rich asset semantics. ### Composable Ledger Model The object-centric ledger model offers increased security and composability by design. Every object on IOTA is a unique, owned asset. ## Technical Specs - **Consensus**: Mysticeti BFT protocol (DAG-based) - **Smart Contracts**: Move language - **Layer 2**: IOTA EVM for Ethereum compatibility - **Validators**: up to 150 independent validators - **Finality**: three-round finality via Mysticeti - **Throughput**: high parallel transaction processing ## Developer Resources - Documentation: https://docs.iota.org/developer/ - Getting started: https://docs.iota.org/developer/getting-started - Move overview: https://docs.iota.org/developer/iota-101/move-overview/ - IOTA architecture: https://docs.iota.org/about-iota/iota-architecture/ --- # IOTA Product Suite > The IOTA Technology Stack builds the foundations of a new digital economy, powering decentralization, security, and interoperability across digital assets and applications. **Canonical URL:** https://iota.org/products/product-suite **Last updated:** 2026-02-27 ## Overview The IOTA Product Suite is an advanced technology stack that provides everything needed to build, deploy, and scale decentralized applications and real-world solutions. It covers Layer 1, Layer 2, and the application-layer Trust Framework. ## Core Network Layer ### IOTA Mainnet Move-based Layer 1 with object-centric architecture. The primary network for building applications on IOTA. - DAG-based ledger for parallel processing - MoveVM for smart contract execution - Up to 150 validators for full decentralization - Mysticeti BFT consensus ### IOTA EVM High-performance Layer 2 EVM with seamless interoperability. Provides Ethereum compatibility for existing Solidity developers and tools. ## Trust Framework Products Five open-source components for digital trust: - **IOTA Identity**: decentralized identity based on W3C DID and Verifiable Credentials - **IOTA Hierarchies**: programmable trust delegation and RBAC - **IOTA Notarization**: tamper-proof on-chain data anchoring - **IOTA Tokenization**: real-world asset tokenization via Move - **IOTA Gas Station**: sponsored transaction fees for frictionless user onboarding ## Developer Tooling ### IOTA SDKs TypeScript and Rust SDKs for everything needed to start building, fast. - TypeScript SDK: https://docs.iota.org/developer/references/#iota-software-development-kits - Rust SDK: https://docs.iota.org/developer/references/#iota-software-development-kits ### IOTA CLI Interact directly with the IOTA network through base commands. - https://docs.iota.org/developer/references/#iota-cli ### IOTA API Connect to the IOTA network to query, track, test, or submit transactions. - https://docs.iota.org/developer/references/iota-api ### IOTA Custom Indexer Build custom indexing pipelines for application-specific data access patterns. - https://docs.iota.org/developer/advanced/custom-indexer ### IOTA VS Code Extension Move language support for Visual Studio Code. Available on the VS Code Marketplace. - https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=iotaledger.iota-move ## Additional Tools - **IOTA Explorer** (https://explorer.iota.org): search transactions, objects, validators, and network stats - **IOTA Wallet**: browser extension and mobile app for asset management and staking - **IOTA ISC SDK**: EVM compatibility with existing smart contracts and tooling from Ethereum-based chains --- # IOTA Identity > IOTA Identity is the decentralized identity protocol that puts individuals and organizations in control of their data. Built for security, privacy, and interoperability on the IOTA Mainnet. **Canonical URL:** https://iota.org/products/identity **Last updated:** 2026-02-27 ## Overview IOTA Identity empowers secure, private, and decentralized digital interactions. It provides a framework for creating verifiable, tamper-proof identities while keeping personal and sensitive data off-chain. IOTA Identity combines W3C identity standards with the scalable execution environment of the IOTA network. Identity state and cryptographic verification material are anchored on a public ledger, while credentials and personal data remain under the control of their holders. ## The Problem IOTA Identity Solves Digital trust requires two guarantees: - **Data integrity**: ensuring information has not been altered - **Data authenticity**: ensuring claims originate from a verifiable source Traditional centralized identity systems rely on gatekeepers, concentrate sensitive data in centralized databases, and create single points of failure. IOTA Identity replaces these intermediaries with cryptographic proofs anchored on public infrastructure. ## How It Works: One Framework, Any Identity IOTA Identity acts as a unifying layer of trust between everyone and everything. It supports identities for people, organizations, and devices. Three key roles define identity interactions: ### Holders Owners of digital identities who maintain full control over their data. Holders decide what information to share, how much to share, and with whom, ensuring complete autonomy and privacy. ### Issuers Trusted entities or authorities that create and provide credentials to holders. Credentials can include identity cards, health records, diplomas, certifications, or any other document type. ### Verifiers Third parties that need to confirm the authenticity of a holder's data. They can validate any type of information: identity, age, qualifications, or other credentials. ## Core Identity Concepts ### Decentralized Identifiers (DIDs) Unique, globally resolvable identifiers controlled by their subjects. DID Documents define how an identity can be authenticated and interacted with. Based on the W3C DID standard. ### Verifiable Credentials (VCs) Digital certificates or passports with cryptographic verifiability. Issuers make cryptographically verifiable claims about a subject. Holders retain control over when and how claims are shared. Credentials are exchanged off-chain; cryptographic proofs are anchored on-chain. ### Verifiable Presentations (VPs) Allow holders to present one or more credentials in response to a verifier's request. Holders disclose only the information required for a specific interaction. ## Key Capabilities ### Self-Sovereign Identity Users create and control their digital identities without relying on third parties to store or control personal information. ### Privacy-Centric Design Eliminates traditional data harvesting, usernames, and passwords. Users maintain full control over their data, selectively sharing only necessary information. ### Ready for Real-World Use Enables verifiable credentials for both digital and real-world interactions. Ensures compliance and integrates seamlessly with mobile wallets. ## Privacy and Selective Disclosure ### SD-JWT Selective Disclosure Issuers define which fields can be selectively disclosed. Cryptographic hashes and optional decoy values protect concealed data. Aligned with the eIDAS 2.0 Architecture Reference Framework. ### Zero-Knowledge Selective Disclosure Developed in collaboration with the LINKS Foundation. Allows holders to construct proofs dynamically without issuers predefining disclosable attributes. Minimizes linkability and maximizes user privacy. ## Post-Quantum Readiness IOTA Identity supports post-quantum and hybrid signatures for Verifiable Credentials, developed in collaboration with the LINKS Foundation. Hybrid signatures combine classical and post-quantum algorithms for gradual adoption while maintaining compatibility with existing systems. ## Real-World Applications - **Finance**: KYC processes, digital signatures, fraud prevention - **Supply Chain**: provenance, certifications, audit trails - **Healthcare**: secure records and privacy-preserving data sharing - **IoT and Smart Infrastructure**: device authentication and trusted communication - **Governments and Enterprises**: e-government services and corporate identity management ## Identity for Organizations IOTA Identity enables verifiable credentials for KYC/AML processes, simplifying onboarding, reducing operational costs, and building trust. Decentralized identities enable fraud-resistant document signing without reliance on centralized platforms. ## Identity for Things Devices, sensors, and physical assets can have digital twins: verifiable digital representations with information about authenticity, ownership, history, and state. Supports machine-to-machine communication in logistics, manufacturing, and smart infrastructure. ## Position in Trust Framework IOTA Identity is a core component of the IOTA Trust Framework. It provides the identity and credential layer upon which other trust primitives build. ## Docs and Contact - Documentation: https://docs.iota.org/iota-identity - Partnership inquiries: partnerships@iota.org --- # IOTA Notarization > IOTA Notarization creates verifiable, immutable, and privacy-respecting records on-chain. A flexible framework for tamper-proof data anchoring across industries. **Canonical URL:** https://iota.org/products/notarization **Last updated:** 2026-02-27 ## Overview IOTA Notarization enables transparent, tamper-proof records on a decentralized ledger. It allows data owners to anchor, update, and verify data on-chain using flexible methods that fit their use case. Each notarized record is independently verifiable via a unique identifier. Integration is available through WASM/Rust libraries or Move smart contracts, ensuring trust without centralized control. ## How It Works IOTA Notarization involves four core elements: ### Original Data The information to be notarized and stored on-chain, or as a cryptographic hash to ensure privacy and verifiability. ### Provers Data owners who submit the Original Data or its hash to the IOTA ledger, creating a notarized object with a unique Identifier to share with Verifiers. ### Verifiers Parties who use the Identifier to fetch the notarized object from the ledger and confirm the data's authenticity and integrity. ### Notarized Objects and Identifiers On-chain entries containing original data and metadata. Each has a unique ID for easy querying and verification. Records are updatable for evolving data like product lifecycle events. ## Data Visibility Options Three levels of data storage to match transparency and confidentiality requirements: ### Clear-Text Data Readable data stored on-chain for full transparency. Ideal for open use cases like digital product passports or sustainability claims. ### Encrypted Data On-chain encryption meets off-chain key management. Ensures redundancy and availability while protecting the content. ### Digital Fingerprint Only the hash is stored on-chain, with content off-chain for maximum confidentiality. Ideal for sensitive personal or business records. ## Real-World Use Cases ### Legal and Regulatory Compliance Anchor court documents, contracts, and filings on-chain. Ensure they are immutable and publicly verifiable. ### Credentials and Certifications Secure academic degrees, professional licenses, and training records with immutable, independently verifiable proofs. ### Ownership and IP Protection Prove authorship, rights, and existence of patents, digital works, or property deeds with immutable timestamps. ### Digital Product Passports and Supply Chains Capture product lifecycle events with updatable records for traceability, sustainability, and provenance. ### Public Registries and Digital Twins Create live, shareable representations of assets like vehicles, permits, or public records with verifiable history and metadata. ### IoT and Real-Time Systems Record continuous device and sensor updates on-chain for trusted real-time automation, monitoring, and auditability. ## Integration IOTA Notarization integrates via: - WASM/Rust libraries for off-chain integration - Move smart contracts for on-chain automation - REST APIs for standard application integration ## Position in Trust Framework IOTA Notarization is a core component of the IOTA Trust Framework. It provides the data integrity layer for applications requiring tamper-proof records. ## Docs and Contact - Documentation: https://docs.iota.org/developer/iota-notarization/ - Partnership inquiries: partnerships@iota.org --- # IOTA Hierarchies > IOTA Hierarchies enables programmable and verifiable trust relationships. It provides structured, cryptographic delegation of authority across people, organizations, and devices. **Canonical URL:** https://iota.org/products/hierarchies **Last updated:** 2026-02-27 ## Overview IOTA Hierarchies assigns and delegates roles through cryptographic accreditations, creating a verifiable chain of trust. It enables decentralized, cryptographically verifiable delegation of authority without a central gatekeeper. The product supports scalable chains of trust across people, organizations, and devices. Trust relationships are explicit, auditable, and revocable. ## How It Works IOTA Hierarchies uses a cryptographic method for structured trust: ### Root Authority: Delegate from the Top Initiates the trust structure. Defines roles, issues accreditations, and revokes permissions as needed. ### Federation: Set the Rules of Trust Establishes a shared trust domain where entities follow common roles, rules, and policies. ### Trusted Property: Define What Matters Specifies what entities are allowed to do, from certifying products to verifying identities. ### Accreditation: Connect the Chain Grants permission through cryptographic delegation that defines trust scope and lineage. ### Attestation: Deliver Verifiable Proof A signed, verifiable statement that confirms a trusted action was performed by an authorized party. ## Key Capabilities ### Trust Across Identity Types Define and verify trust for individuals, organizations, and devices. Enables end-to-end, programmable trust flows. ### Modular by Design Adapt roles, permissions, and constraints to match the logic of your specific ecosystem. ### Decentralized Authority Distribute control via cryptographic delegations. No central gatekeeper needed. ### On and Off-Chain Validation Choose between smart contract-based validation for transparency or local checks for speed and efficiency. ## Industry Applications ### Supply Chains Certify products at every step with attestations issued by accredited parties. Ensures only trusted entities can validate quality and compliance. ### Education Universities can delegate diploma issuance to departments or professors, creating verifiable, tamper-proof academic credentials. ### Legal and Compliance Public authorities can accredit notaries, auditors, or inspectors. Establishes transparent chains of trust for legal documents and reports. ### Government Enable layered governance by delegating roles from national to local authorities. Citizens can verify that permits or certificates are legitimate. ### IoT and Automation Devices can verify commands and data based on accredited trust chains. Supports secure machine-to-machine interactions at scale. ## Position in Trust Framework IOTA Hierarchies is a core component of the IOTA Trust Framework. It builds on IOTA Identity to enable organizational governance and role-based access control on public infrastructure. ## Docs and Contact - Documentation: https://docs.iota.org/developer/iota-hierarchies/ - Partnership inquiries: partnerships@iota.org --- # IOTA Tokenization > IOTA Tokenization enables secure, real-world asset ownership on-chain by transforming rights into digital tokens. Create and manage unique digital assets with full control over compliance and lifecycle. **Canonical URL:** https://iota.org/products/tokenization **Last updated:** 2026-02-27 ## Overview IOTA Tokenization turns real-world and digital assets into programmable on-chain objects. It is powered by Move's object model, providing full control over ownership, compliance, metadata, and lifecycle management. On IOTA, everything is an object and a unique, owned NFT by default. Creating NFTs leverages the object-based design, eliminating the need for separate standards like Ethereum's ERC-721. Each NFT is inherently unique and owned. ## Unlock the Power of Tokenization Asset tokenization powered by Move and IOTA enables new business models: ### Tokenization of Real-World Assets Represent tangible assets like physical commodities or real estate on-chain for new business models. Supports fractional ownership and programmable transfer rules. ### Fully Programmable Assets Tailored asset configurations and efficient management meet regulatory and functional requirements. Assets can encode compliance rules directly. ### Coin Standard Enables easy integration of IOTA assets with wallets, exchanges, and smart contracts, similar to how IOTA tokens work. ## Why Tokenize with IOTA ### Full Control Issuers can customize tokenized assets during minting to meet all Real World Asset requirements. Define supply, issuer ID, and metadata with precision. ### On-Chain Metadata Move supports encoding up to 256KB of data on the ledger. For larger data, dynamic structures like maps and linked lists offer flexible storage solutions. ### Anyone Can Issue Assets Creating custom tokenized assets is simple, allowing anyone, including smart contract chains, to issue and use them programmatically. ### Storage Deposit Model Minting assets requires a storage deposit. When the asset is destroyed and space is freed, the deposit is fully reclaimed. This prevents spam and aligns incentives. ## NFT by Default On IOTA, everything is an object and a unique, owned Non-Fungible Token. This eliminates the overhead of separate NFT standards and ensures each asset is inherently secure and owned. ## Coins and Tokens IOTA Tokenization supports both fungible and non-fungible assets: - **Fungible tokens**: created using the IOTA Coin Standard for seamless integration with wallets and exchanges - **Non-fungible tokens (NFTs)**: every on-chain object is an NFT by default through the Move object model - **Programmable assets**: custom logic encoded directly into token behavior ## Position in Trust Framework IOTA Tokenization is a core component of the IOTA Trust Framework. It provides the value and ownership layer, enabling compliant, programmable on-chain assets. ## Docs and Contact - Documentation: https://docs.iota.org/developer/advanced/asset-tokenization - Partnership inquiries: partnerships@iota.org --- # IOTA Gas Station > IOTA Gas Station enables fee-free Web3 experiences by sponsoring transaction costs for users. Businesses and developers can cover transaction fees on behalf of their users for frictionless onboarding. **Canonical URL:** https://iota.org/products/gas-station **Last updated:** 2026-02-27 ## Overview IOTA Gas Station is a configurable module that integrates directly into applications, enabling sponsored transactions for users. No IOTA tokens are required from users. It serves as a bridge between users and application builders, delivering a frictionless Web3 experience. IOTA Gas Station is fully compatible with the MoveVM-based IOTA Network. ## How It Works Three parties interact through IOTA Gas Station: ### Users Interact with dApps without the hassle of acquiring tokens. Enjoy transactions that combine Web2 simplicity with blockchain security. Users do not need to hold IOTA tokens to use sponsored applications. ### Builders Integrate IOTA Gas Station into apps and configure the rules. Manage limits, define access control, and customize monetization strategies to boost adoption and retention. ### IOTA Gas Station A funding hub that covers transaction fees based on set rules, with built-in access control, usage metrics, and resource management. ## Key Capabilities ### Seamless Integration and Deployment Fully compatible with the MoveVM-based IOTA Network. Builders can easily deploy and manage IOTA Gas Station for gas-free transactions. ### Security and Access Control Businesses and developers maintain full control over sponsored transactions with customizable rules, ensuring a secure and efficient sponsorship model. ### Cost and Resource Management Set sponsorship limits, manage transaction costs, and monitor usage. Adjust strategies as needed for optimal resource allocation. ## Flexible Use Cases IOTA Gas Station offers sponsorship models suited for any scale: ### Single-dApp Sponsorship Projects can sponsor transaction fees for their users, ensuring a frictionless experience within a specific application. ### Paid Gas Service Entrepreneurs can offer sponsorship as a service for businesses struggling with managing gas fees, offering subscription or pay-per-use pricing. ### Ecosystem and Validator Model Enterprises and validators can reinvest rewards to sponsor transactions, creating a self-sustaining ecosystem for large-scale use cases. ## Why This Matters Transaction fees are a major barrier to Web3 adoption. Users must acquire cryptocurrency before they can use any application. IOTA Gas Station removes this barrier by allowing applications to cover fees, similar to how Web2 applications bear infrastructure costs rather than charging per-use. This enables: - Consumer applications with Web2-like user experience - Enterprise deployments where employees should not need crypto wallets - Ecosystem-wide fee abstraction for complex multi-step workflows - Sustainable monetization models where businesses absorb transaction costs ## Position in Trust Framework IOTA Gas Station is a core component of the IOTA Trust Framework. It provides the fee abstraction layer that makes other Trust Framework products accessible to mainstream users. ## Docs and Contact - Documentation: https://docs.iota.org/operator/gas-station/ - Partnership inquiries: partnerships@iota.org --- # IOTA Grants > Apply for a grant from iotalabs to fund your Web3 or DLT project and build on the IOTA Mainnet. Grants support open-source innovation, research, and real-world adoption. **Canonical URL:** https://iota.org/build/grants **Last updated:** 2026-02-27 ## Overview The IOTA Grants program, administered by iotalabs, provides financial support for projects building on the IOTA ecosystem. Grants are available to developers, researchers, and organizations working on dApps, tooling, education, and real-world DLT applications. Grants are administered by iotalabs (https://iotalabs.io/grants). Full details on tiers, eligibility, and current open proposals are at the iotalabs website. ## What Gets Funded The grants program supports bold innovators building next-generation dApps and blockchain solutions. Projects must align with the IOTA ecosystem and build on the IOTA Mainnet. Focus areas for funding include: - Open-source tooling and developer infrastructure - dApps and applications on IOTA Mainnet - Educational resources and community content - Research and technical exploration - Real-world adoption use cases in the Trust Framework focus areas ## Funding Guidelines Grants are targeted for maximum impact. The program prioritizes projects that: - Build on or extend the IOTA Mainnet (Layer 1) - Produce reusable, open-source outcomes - Have a proven team with relevant track record - Align with IOTA's focus areas (identity, supply chain, circular economy, DeFi) Projects that are not eligible: - Private instances without integration to IOTA Mainnet - EVM-only deployments without Layer 1 connection - Speculative DeFi without real-world application - Solo builders without team structure ## How to Apply Applying is straightforward: 1. **Application Submission**: Check that your project fits the guidelines and fill out the application form at https://airtable.com/appQqzg74YoTqK3Ht/pagOgN5kxDmUOrIW7/form. Provide as much information as possible. 2. **Collective Invitation**: If your application aligns with funding guidelines, you receive an invitation to your personal IOTA Builder's channel on Discord. 3. **Evaluation and Interview**: The interview addresses remaining questions. Your application is then assessed by committee members. 4. **Funding Decision**: The committee decision is communicated through your personal Discord channel. ## Learn More - Full grants information: https://iotalabs.io/grants - Apply now: https://airtable.com/appQqzg74YoTqK3Ht/pagOgN5kxDmUOrIW7/form --- # IOTA Technology Showcases > IOTA has collaborated with companies and institutions to co-create real-world applications using Distributed Ledger Technology. These showcases demonstrate production-ready use of IOTA across industry sectors. **Canonical URL:** https://iota.org/learn/showcases **Last updated:** 2026-02-27 ## Overview IOTA Technology Showcases are real-world applications and lighthouse projects co-created with leading companies and institutions. They demonstrate how IOTA's technology addresses practical business challenges across sectors including trade, identity, sustainability, and finance. ## Current Showcases ### TWIN **Subtitle**: Seamless transfer of digital trade data across borders TWIN (Trade and Logistics Information Network) digitizes trade documents for cross-border commerce. It uses IOTA Identity and Notarization to create verifiable digital trade records, reducing friction in international logistics and customs processes. - Link: https://iota.org/learn/showcases/twin ### European Blockchain PCP **Subtitle**: IOTA solutions for a pan-European blockchain IOTA was ranked first in the European Commission's blockchain pre-commercial procurement process. This showcase demonstrates IOTA's suitability for public sector and pan-European digital infrastructure. - Link: https://iota.org/learn/showcases/ebsi ### Tokenized KYC **Subtitle**: Privacy-preserving on-chain authentication Tokenized KYC uses IOTA Identity and Verifiable Credentials to enable privacy-preserving Know-Your-Customer processes. Users prove identity attributes without exposing full personal data. - Link: https://iota.org/learn/showcases/kyc ### Intellectual Property Rights Management **Subtitle**: Automated and transparent rights contracts and payments Uses IOTA Notarization and Tokenization to create tamper-proof intellectual property records and automate rights management and royalty payments. - Link: https://iota.org/learn/showcases/iprm ### Digital Product Passports **Subtitle**: Secure, transparent product lifecycle data for a circular economy Digital Product Passports (DPP) use IOTA Notarization and Identity to capture product lifecycle events from creation to recycling. Supports EU circular economy regulations and sustainability reporting. - Link: https://iota.org/learn/showcases/dpp ## Common Patterns These showcases share common patterns that demonstrate the Trust Framework in action: - Identity verification for parties and organizations (IOTA Identity) - Data integrity and audit trails for process records (IOTA Notarization) - Asset and value representation on-chain (IOTA Tokenization) - Frictionless user interactions without token management (IOTA Gas Station) - Delegated authority across organizational hierarchies (IOTA Hierarchies)